{"id":19477,"date":"2021-04-12T20:41:08","date_gmt":"2021-04-12T20:41:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.engeniustech.com\/?p=19477"},"modified":"2026-02-23T14:47:33","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T22:47:33","slug":"big-networks-no-problem-how-to-tackle-heavy-network-traffic-with-vlan-pooling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.engeniustech.com\/span\/big-networks-no-problem-how-to-tackle-heavy-network-traffic-with-vlan-pooling\/","title":{"rendered":"Grandes redes, \u00a1no hay problema! C\u00f3mo abordar el tr\u00e1fico de red pesado con agrupaci\u00f3n de VLAN"},"content":{"rendered":"

Los estadios, universidades y auditorios est\u00e1n llenos de grandes multitudes de personas con varios dispositivos (laptops, computadoras de escritorio, tabletas y tel\u00e9fonos inteligentes) que intentan conectarse a su red. Incluso cuando el entorno es grande y los dispositivos son muchos, los usuarios quieren una red que les permita moverse libremente dentro del entorno sin perder velocidad ni interrumpir la conexi\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/br>
\n\u00bfCu\u00e1l es el problema?<\/span><\/p>\n

Cientos, incluso miles, de dispositivos que intentan acceder a una red al mismo tiempo pueden obstruir los servidores. Imag\u00ednese el primer d\u00eda de clases en una gran universidad, donde los estudiantes y el profesorado intentan conectarse a la red del campus. El servidor DHCP (protocolo de configuraci\u00f3n din\u00e1mica de host) de la red debe asignar continuamente una direcci\u00f3n IP a cada dispositivo nuevo, incluso cuando los dispositivos ya conectados pasan tr\u00e1fico. Si 6.000 personas intentan conectarse a la red al mismo tiempo, la velocidad de la red se ralentizar\u00e1.<\/span>
\n
<\/br>
\n<\/p>\n

Figura 1: El proceso DHCP para conectar dispositivos cliente a una red a trav\u00e9s del servidor.<\/span><\/div>\n

<\/br>
\n
<\/br>
\nComo se puede ver en la ilustraci\u00f3n anterior, hay cuatro pasos iniciales para conectarse a una red: el dispositivo cliente le informa autom\u00e1ticamente al servidor que desea conectarse (descubrimiento de DHCP), el servidor ofrece al dispositivo una direcci\u00f3n IP (oferta de DHCP), el dispositivo cliente acepta (solicitud DHCP) y el servidor configura el dispositivo y otorga acceso a la red (paquete DHCP).<\/span><\/p>\n

Con 6.000 usuarios haciendo ping a un servidor al menos cuatro veces para un total de 24.000 paquetes de datos movi\u00e9ndose de un lado a otro, puede ver c\u00f3mo el tr\u00e1fico de la red puede estancarse. <\/span>
\n
<\/br>
\n\u00bfCual es la soluci\u00f3n?<\/span><\/p>\n

Agrupaci\u00f3n de VLAN,<\/span> que configura el ingeniero de red, divide una sola red en redes virtuales separadas (VLAN) para reducir el tr\u00e1fico. Podr\u00edamos tomar nuestra red de campus imaginaria y dividirla, por ejemplo, en cuatro redes virtuales con 1.500 usuarios cada una. Hay dos beneficios clave: no solo cada usuario puede acceder y navegar por la red m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido, sino que tambi\u00e9n puede deambular entre edificios y a\u00fan mantener una conexi\u00f3n con su VLAN original y su direcci\u00f3n IP. Es decir, dado que los usuarios se mantienen en la misma VLAN con la misma direcci\u00f3n IP, la itinerancia y la experiencia del usuario mejoran enormemente. Del mismo modo, las subredes (ligeramente distintas de las VLAN) utilizan la tecnolog\u00eda de "capa 3" cuando los clientes se desplazan entre subredes para que los dispositivos no pierdan la direcci\u00f3n IP ni las conexiones de sesi\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dividamos esto en un ejemplo m\u00e1s peque\u00f1o. Como puede ver en el diagrama a continuaci\u00f3n, el enrutador en la parte superior est\u00e1 conectado a dos conmutadores que est\u00e1n conectados a puntos de acceso (AP) en dos edificios de campus diferentes. Los puntos de acceso asignar\u00e1n una VLAN a un dispositivo de un grupo de VLAN configuradas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Suponga que la computadora port\u00e1til de un estudiante se conecta de forma inal\u00e1mbrica a un punto de acceso que transmite la red de "Estudiantes" que est\u00e1 en la VLAN 35 en el Edificio 1 y se le asigna una direcci\u00f3n IP. En ese caso, pueden llevar la computadora port\u00e1til al edificio 2 en roaming al punto de acceso secundario sin perder la conexi\u00f3n y a\u00fan as\u00ed asignada a la misma VLAN 35, manteniendo as\u00ed la misma direcci\u00f3n IP.<\/span>
\n
<\/br>
\n<\/p>\n

Figura 2: Red inal\u00e1mbrica con agrupaci\u00f3n de VLAN.<\/span><\/div>\n

<\/br>
\n
<\/br>
\nSeg\u00fan la direcci\u00f3n MAC de un dispositivo y la cantidad de VLAN en un grupo, un algoritmo de "hash" generar\u00e1 una cadena superlarga de letras y n\u00fameros que asignan ese dispositivo a una VLAN espec\u00edfica. No importa a d\u00f3nde vaya ese cliente, la VLAN seguir\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

HECHO DE LA DIVERSI\u00d3N: <\/span>Un algoritmo hash es como una licuadora que convierte ingredientes separados (direcci\u00f3n MAC, n\u00famero de VLAN, etc.) en un batido espumoso (c\u00f3digo hash) que no se parece a los ingredientes originales y no se puede deshacer. Por tanto, es muy seguro.<\/span><\/p>\n

En circunstancias normales, TODOS los estudiantes ser\u00edan asignados al mismo SSID de estudiante y la misma VLAN \u00fanica en toda la red del campus para que los estudiantes tuvieran acceso a sus propios recursos separados del SSID de la facultad. Sin embargo, la agrupaci\u00f3n de VLAN ofrece un \u00fanico SSID exclusivo para los estudiantes y asigna sus dispositivos a diferente<\/em> VLAN que dan como resultado un menor tr\u00e1fico de red.<\/span>
\n
<\/br>
\nLos dispositivos de red entienden lo que est\u00e1 sucediendo<\/span><\/p>\n

Cada dispositivo de usuario se asigna aleatoriamente a una VLAN desde un grupo de VLAN en la misma red cableada. Las redes cableadas, los conmutadores y los enrutadores reconocen las etiquetas VLAN y restringir\u00e1n las transmisiones DHCP solo a la VLAN a la que est\u00e1 asignado el dispositivo cliente. Asimismo, cada punto de acceso a la red recordar\u00e1 a qu\u00e9 VLAN pertenece cada usuario y mantendr\u00e1 la conexi\u00f3n.<\/span>
\n
<\/br>
\nOptimizaci\u00f3n de difusi\u00f3n \/ multidifusi\u00f3n (BCMC)<\/span><\/p>\n

Si bien la agrupaci\u00f3n de VLAN hace un uso m\u00e1s eficiente del ancho de banda de la red y disminuye la posibilidad de una sobrecarga de la red, no se garantiza que lo prevenga. Para asegurarse de que su red no est\u00e9 inundada con DHCP y solicitudes similares, puede activar un <\/span>funci\u00f3n de gesti\u00f3n de red avanzada <\/span>llamada optimizaci\u00f3n de difusi\u00f3n \/ multidifusi\u00f3n (BCMC).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00bfEst\u00e1 interesado en aprender m\u00e1s sobre EnGenius Cloud?<\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

La inundaci\u00f3n de difusi\u00f3n, o "tormentas" de difusi\u00f3n, como se les llama, se produce cuando los paquetes de difusi\u00f3n o multidifusi\u00f3n inundan la red, ralentiz\u00e1ndola y degradando el rendimiento. La optimizaci\u00f3n BCMC le permite evitar que los paquetes de datos innecesarios inunden sus redes inal\u00e1mbricas y cableadas, limpie el desorden y suavice el tr\u00e1fico de la red.<\/span><\/p>\n

Espec\u00edficamente, la optimizaci\u00f3n BCMC mide la actividad de transmisi\u00f3n en intervalos de un segundo y compara esas mediciones con un umbral preconfigurado. Si se alcanza el umbral, se suprime la actividad de difusi\u00f3n adicional hasta que finaliza el intervalo.<\/span><\/p>\n

El siguiente diagrama ilustra las funciones de agrupaci\u00f3n de VLAN y optimizaci\u00f3n (supresi\u00f3n) de BCMC en la interfaz de EnGenius Cloud.<\/span>
\n
<\/br>
\n<\/p>\n

Figura 3: EnGenius Cloud - Agrupaci\u00f3n de VLAN<\/span><\/div>\n

<\/br>
\n
<\/br>
\n
<\/br>
\nConclusi\u00f3n<\/span><\/p>\n

En resumen, la agrupaci\u00f3n din\u00e1mica de VLAN de clientes significa que cada vez que el dispositivo cliente se conecta a la red, se asigna a la misma VLAN y retiene la misma direcci\u00f3n IP mientras se desplaza hacia otros puntos de acceso. Reduce el tr\u00e1fico de la red al eliminar la necesidad de que el dispositivo se conecte a la red repetidamente.<\/span><\/p>\n

De manera similar, la optimizaci\u00f3n (supresi\u00f3n) de BCMC suprime las transmisiones por cable e inal\u00e1mbricas en las VLAN del cliente seg\u00fan sea necesario cuando el tr\u00e1fico se extiende m\u00e1s all\u00e1 del umbral configurado. Ambas tecnolog\u00edas pueden trabajar juntas para mitigar significativamente el tr\u00e1fico pesado que a menudo afecta a las redes masivas con numerosos usuarios.<\/span>
\n
<\/br><\/p>\n

\n<\/hr>\n

<\/br><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Blog <\/span>| <\/span>Agrupaci\u00f3n de VLAN: <\/span>- La agrupaci\u00f3n de VLAN, que configura el ingeniero de red, divide una sola red en redes virtuales separadas (VLAN) para reducir el tr\u00e1fico. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19473,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nVLAN Pooling and EnGenius Cloud | EnGenius<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"VLAN pooling, which is set up by the network engineer, breaks a single network into separate virtual networks (VLANs) to reduce traffic.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.engeniustech.com\/span\/big-networks-no-problem-how-to-tackle-heavy-network-traffic-with-vlan-pooling\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Big Networks, No Problem! How to Tackle Heavy Network Traffic with VLAN Pooling\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"VLAN pooling, which is set up by the network engineer, breaks a single network into separate virtual networks (VLANs) to reduce traffic.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.engeniustech.com\/span\/big-networks-no-problem-how-to-tackle-heavy-network-traffic-with-vlan-pooling\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"engeniustech\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/EnGeniusTech\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-12T20:41:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-02-23T22:47:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.engeniustech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/vlan-blog-featured-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1113\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Allan Quartucci\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@EnGeniusTech\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@EnGeniusTech\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Allan Quartucci\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.engeniustech.com\\\/big-networks-no-problem-how-to-tackle-heavy-network-traffic-with-vlan-pooling\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.engeniustech.com\\\/big-networks-no-problem-how-to-tackle-heavy-network-traffic-with-vlan-pooling\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Allan Quartucci\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.engeniustech.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/b56f80659a0b9133459352834db786f1\"},\"headline\":\"Big Networks, No Problem! 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